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the amphibians. Though amphibians spent a good deal of their time ashore, they
apparently felt that land was a nice place to visit, but you wouldn't want to raise
your kids there. They still laid their eggs in underwater nurseries, where the
youngsters stayed until they were old enough to brave the hard, cold facts of life
outside the pond. (For a fascinating account of this process, see Lynn Margulis
and Dorion Sagan, Microcosmos: Four Billion Years of Microbial Evolution, pp.
197-202.)
9. Paul D. MacLean, A Triune Concept of the Brain and Behavior, University of
Toronto Press, Toronto, 1973. For more on the triune brain, see: Richard Restak,
M.D., The Brain, Bantam Books, 1984. p. 136; Robert Ornstein and David Sobel,
The Healing Brain, pp. 37-38; and Carl Sagan, The Dragons of Eden: Speculations
on the Evolution of Human Intelligence, Ballantine Books, New York, 1977, pp.
53-83.
10. Richard E. Leakey and Richard Lewin, People of the Lake: Mankind and Its
Beginnings, Avon Books, New York, 1983. Though this entire book promotes the
thesis that "war is a cultural invention," a summation of the argument can be found
on pages 233-236. By the way, Edward O. Wilson, in Sociobiology (p. 121), points
out that "murder is far more common and hence 'normal' in many vertebrate
species than in man."
11. Anthropologist Richard Lee analyzed the data on !Kung homicide and
"determined that, within a population of fifteen hundred !Kung, there had in fact
been twenty-two killings over five decades--about five more than the same number
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