142
                              
                                                                                                                                                          
42. The author was a leader of the fight against this rather insidious legislation, which is
now the law of the land.
43. Ernle Bradford, Hannibal, p. 94.
44. The unfortunate victims from out of town included two Greeks and two Gauls.  (Ernle
Bradford, Hannibal, pp. 123-124.)
45. For information on a vast variety of similar experiments, see: Leonard Berkowitz,
Aggression: A Re-Examination of the Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis, pp. 4, 7, 8, 19,
22, 34, 41, 42; Ernest R. Hilgard, Psychology In America, pp. 371-372;  E.O. Wilson,
Sociobiology,  p. 123.  R.F. Ulrich and N.H. Azrin, "Reflexive Fighting In Response to
Aversive Stimulation," Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, October, 1962,
p. 518.
46. R.F. Ulrich and N.H. Azrin, "Reflexive Fighting In Response to Aversive Stimulation,"
Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, October, 1962, pp. 511-520, especially
p. 516.
47. Jane Goodall, "Life and Death at Gombe," pp. 598-599.  Says Goodall, scapegoating
also occurs among rhesus macaques, baboons, vervets and langurs.  (Jane Van
Lawick-Goodall, "A Preliminary Report on Expressive Movements and Communication in
the Gombe Stream Chimpanzees," in Phyllis C. Jay ed., Primates: Studies in Adaptation
and Variability, p. 332.)
48. John Dollard, Neal E. Miller, Leonard W. Doob, O.H. Mowrer, Robert E. Sears, Clellan
S. Ford, Carl Hovland and Richard E. Sollenberger, Frustration and Aggression, Yale
University Press, New Haven, Connecticut, 1957, p. 31.  Bob Altemeyer, "Marching In
Step; A Psychological Explanation of State Terror," p. 35.  Bertram H. Raven, Jeffrey Z.
Rubin, Social Psychology, pp. 271-273.
49. Harrison Salisbury, War Between Russia and China, p. 184.
50. The eight countries-- Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary,
Poland, Rumania and Yugoslavia-- all fell under the control of Communist governments
between 1944 and 1949.
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