31
31
                              
                                                                                                                                              
others include the amount of winter chilling the ant goes through while it's still an
egg, the size of the egg it hatches from, the temperature of its nursery when the ant
is still an infant, and the age and condition of its mother.  (Edward O. Wilson, The
Insect Societies, p. 152).
34. George Ordish, The Year of the Ant, p. 114.
35. For a brilliant evocation of Grant's years of shame, see MacKinlay Kantor's
short story "Then Came The Legions," reprinted in Roger B. Goodman, ed., 75
Short Story Masterpieces: Stories From the World's Literature, Bantam Books, New
York, 1961, pp. 160-64.  For a slightly more charitable version of the facts, see:
Ishbel Ross, The General's Wife: The Life of Mrs. Ulysses S. Grant, Dodd, Mead &
Co., New York, 1959, pp. 88-105; and The New Encyclopaedia Britannica, Vol. 5,
p. 425.  And for the bottom line on Grant's drinking (he didn't do it often, but when
he did, his benders were spectacular), see John Keegan, The Mask of Command,
Elisabeth Sifton Books, Viking, New York, 1987, p. 204.
36. For a view of how our lives are arbitrarily limited by role playing, see Ervin
Goffman,  The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, Anchor Books, Doubleday,
New York, 1959.
37. Alvin Toffler, in his introduction to Order Out of Chaos, by Ilya Prigogine and
Isabelle Stengers, Bantam Books, New York, 1984, p. xxiv.
38. William K. Purves, Gordon H. Orians, Life: The Science of Biology, Sinauer
Associates, Inc., Sunderland, Massachusetts, 1987, p. 403.  C.C. Ford,
"Development," Academic American Encyclopedia, Vol. 6, pp. 137-139.
39. Daniel G. Freedman, Human Sociobiology; a holistic approach, pp. 46, 169-70.
By the way, female campers also sorted themselves out in a hierarchy.  But the
process by which they arrived at their social arrangement was a bit different than
that of the boys.  It  involved more vicious backbiting and less physical forms of
cruelty.  Yet the cruelty was so potent that at one time or another it reduced   the
camp counselors to tears.  Said one of these counselors, "Now I know why no one
studies junior high school girls!  They are so cruel and horrible that no one can
stand them." (Freedman, p. 47-9.)
40. Daniel Boorstin, The Discoverers, p. 126.
<<  <  GO  >  >>