Evolutionists propose that mutatuins are the mechanism whereby one species changes into another. "A mutation is assumed to be a real structural change in the hereditary material ehich makes the offspring different from its parents." Mutations might be caused by errors in copying the DNA's genetic code.
1. Mutations are random and not directed.
2. Mutations are rare. Mutation rates in humans are approximately one per million gene duplications.
3. Good mutations are extrmely rare. 99.9% of all mutations are either harmful or lethal. For example, the normal fly has an average life span of 40 days while those eith a purple eye have a life span of 25 days. The larger the mutation, the more likely it will be harmful.
4. The net effect of all mutations is harmful.
5. Mutations affect and are affected by many genes. The probability of simultaneous good mutations in all the genes which control a given characteristic is practically zero.
For mutations to produce evolutionary axcent would be like trying to go somewhere by taking 99.9 or more stps backward for every step forward.
Radiations, such as X-rays and ultra violet rays, temperature changes and mustard gases can all cause mutations. X-rays have produced the majority of mutations with the rate of mutations increasing with increasing dosage.
The cause of mutations in nature is still not known.