"Kill every one over ten." New York Evening Journal, 5 May 1902. Rpt. http://www.msstate.edu/Archives/History/USA/filipino/filipino.html Historical Text Archive: Images from the Philippine-United States War. (15 May 1999)
Illustrates Jacob Smith’s notorious order. Depicts Filipino children facing execution at the hands of Americans.
Kipling, Rudyard. “The White Man’s Burden.” McClure's Magazine Feb. 1899. Rpt. in Reluctant Colossus: America Enters the Age of Imperialism. Brown University: Thomas J. Watson, Jr. Institute for International Studies.
The trademark racist poem of the time. Demonstrates the attitude of many Americans towards the Filipinos.
Little, Richard Henry. Chicago Tribune 4 Feb. 1900. Rpt. in The Conquest of the Philippines by the United States, 1898-1925. Storey, Moorfield, and Lichauco, Marcial P. Pages 106-110. New York: J.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1926.
An account of the Battle of Tirad Pass by a correspondent to the Tribune who was with the American troops.
McKinley, William. “Benevolent Assimilation” Proclamation of President William McKinley. December 21, 1898. Rpt. http://www.phil-am-war.org/treaties.htm (15 May 1999)
McKinley’s announcement to the Filipinos of his plan to annex the islands.
“Platform of the American Anti-Imperialist League, 1899.” Rpt. in Essential Documents in American History. Comp. by Desmarais, Norman P. and McGovern, James H. (1997): 1-2. EBSCO.
Outlines the goals and ideals of the Anti-Imperialist League. Protests the U.S. involvement in the Philippines.
"Soldiers' Letters: Being Materials for the History of a War of Criminal Aggression." (N.p.: Anti-Imperialist League, 1899) http://www.boondocksnet.com/ailtexts/soldiers.html In Jim Zwick, ed., Anti-Imperialism in the United States, 1898-1935. http://www.boondocksnet.com/ail98-35.html (15 May 1999).
Provides valuable quotes as well as insight into soldiers’ attitudes and many forgotten incidents of the war.
"Ten thousand miles from tip to tip." Philadelphia Press. Rpt. http://www.phil-am-war.org/cartoons.htm (15 May 1999)
A political cartoon depicting an American eagle spanning half the globe.
Treaty of Peace Between the United States and Spain. December 10, 1898. Rpt. http://www.phil-am-war.org/treaties.htm (15 May 1999)
Treaty which ended the war with Spain and granted the Philippines to the U.S. for 20 million dollars.
Twain, Mark. "A Defence of General Funston." Mark Twain's Weapons of Satire: Anti-Imperialist Writings on the Philippine-American War, ed. Jim Zwick (Syracuse: Syracuse Univ. Press, 1992). http://www.boondocksnet.com/twain/deffunst.html In Jim Zwick, ed., Anti-Imperialism in the United States, 1898-1935. http://www.boondocksnet.com/ail98-35.html (15 May 1999).
Biting satire and a wealth of information on the capture of Aguinaldo.
Twain, Mark. "To the Person Sitting in Darkness." Mark Twain's Weapons of Satire: Anti-Imperialist Writings on the Philippine-American War, ed. Jim Zwick (Syracuse: Syracuse Univ. Press, 1992). http://www.boondocksnet.com/twain/persit.html In Jim Zwick, ed., Anti-Imperialism in the United States, 1898-1935. http://www.boondocksnet.com/ail98-35.html (15 May 1999).
Twain’s pamphlet protesting the annexation of the Philippines.
Butwell, Richard. “Emilio Aguinaldo.” 1997 Groliers Multimedia Encyclopedia, Macintosh version 9.0. U.S.A: Grolier Interactive, Inc., 1997.
A short but informative biography of Aguinaldo’s life.
Carnes, Mark C. “Little Colonel Funston.” American Heritage 49 (Sept. 1998): 55-61. EBSCO.
A long and informative biography of Funston’s life, focusing largely upon his capture of Aguinaldo.
“Chronology of Historical Events Surrounding the Philippine American War.” Heritage 12 (Winter 1998): 23. EBSCO.
Details events leading up to the war, useful for writing the summary of events. Heritage magazine is a Philippine publication about Filipino culture and history.
Current, Richard N., et al. American History: A Survey. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1987.
Provides brief coverage of the war, more than most other textbooks. Gives a few statistics, quotes, etc.
Dimayuga, Paul C. “Miguel Malvar: The Last General to Surrender to the Americans.” Heritage 10 (Spring 96): 12-15. EBSCO.
A biography of Miguel Malvar’s life.
“General Emilio Aguinaldo.” Heritage 12 (Summer 1998): 12. EBSCO.
Short biography of Aguinaldo’s life.
Halle, Louis J. The United States Acquires the Philippines: Consensus vs. Reality. New York: University Press of American, Inc., 1985.
Deals with the political aspects of the annexation of the islands, but does not really address the war itself. Distinctly imperialist.
Karnow, Stanley. In Our Image: America’s Empire in the Philippines. New York: Ballantine Books, 1989.
An extensive description of the relationship between the two countries, from the war to present day.
Liniger, Clarence. The Best War at the Time. New York: Robert Speller & Sons, 1964.
Written by a soldier who served in the islands. Either very sarcastic or extremely imperialist; we suspect the latter.
“Lonoy, Janga Massacre.” http://www2.mozcom.com/~netmart/hStory08.htm. Internet.
World Wide Web. 7 May 1999.
From a Philippines-based web site on the history of Bohol. Provides a summary of the Lonoy massacre.
May, Glen Anthony. Battle for Batangas: A Philippine Province at War. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991.
A very detailed history of the war in Batangas, including guerrilla warfare from both sides and information about the zones.
Miller, Stuart Creighton. Benevolent Assimilation: The American Conquest of the Philippines 1899-1903. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982.
Very extensive, but also rather frustrating, as it often seems to loose track of years, locations, and the larger picture of the war. Deals with the fighting, but even more with the Imperialism debate in the United States.
Nebrida, Victor. “The Balangiga Massacre: Getting Even.” Heritage 11
(Winter 1997): 12-16. EBSCO.
Tells the story of the Balangiga massacre on Samar, and the American retaliations.
Storey, Moorfield, and Lichauco, Marcial P. The Conquest of the Philippines by the United States, 1898-1925. New York: J.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1926.
Written by a prominent member of the American Anti-Imperialist League, provides a unabashedly anti-imperialist (but factually correct) account of the war. Relies greatly upon quotes and articles from the time.
Sumodobila, Rene N. “Was it War or Insurrection?” Heritage 12 (Winter 1998): 21-23.
EBSCO.
Argues that the Philippine conflict was truly a war, and should be recognized as such.
Walsh, John E. The Philippine Insurrection 1899-1902: America’s Only Try for an Overseas Empire. New York: Franklin Watts, Inc., 1973.
A children’s book, that appears to be frequently incorrect and imperialist. However, it was very easy to understand and research.