AN INTRODUCTION TO THE BODY
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____________________ = a study of the structure of an organism and relationships of its parts
____________________ = a study of the functions of organisms and their parts
I. STRUCTURAL LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION
A. Organization is an outstanding characteristic of body structure
B. Body is made of smaller units
1. Chemical level - ____________________
2. ____________________ - smallest unit of life
3. ____________________ - groups of similar cells that perform a special function
4. ____________________ - groups of different tissues that perform a special function
5. Systems - groups of different ____________________ that perform a special function
C. Cavities
1. ____________________ cavities
a. ____________________ cavity
(1) ____________________ - midportion includes heart, trachea, esophagus, thymus
(2) ____________________ cavities - (R & L) contains lungs
b. Abdominopelvic cavities
(1) Abdominal - contains stomach, intestines, ____________________, pancreas,
gallbladder, and spleen
(a) Upper abdominal
1. right ____________________
2. epigastric
3. ____________________
(b) Middle regions
4. right lumbar
5. umbilical
6. ____________________
(c) Lower regions
7. right iliac
8. hypogastric
9. ____________________
(2) Pelvic - contains
____________________, reproductive organs, lowest part of intestine2. ____________________ cavities
a. ____________________ - brain
b. ____________________ - spinal cord
II. Body structure vocabulary
1. ____________________ - head, upper, above
2. ____________________ - feet, lower, below
3. ____________________ - front, in front of
4. ____________________ - back, in back of
5. ____________________- toward middle
6. ____________________ - toward side
7. ____________________ - near
8. ____________________ - away from
9. ____________________ - near surface
10. ____________________ - away from surface
11. ____________________ - anterior torso below diaphragm
12. ____________________ - forearm
13. ____________________ - Depressed area in front of elbow
14. ____________________- upper extremity between shoulder and elbow
15. ____________________ - armpit
16. ____________________ - arm
17. ____________________ - mouth
18. ____________________ - wrist
19. ____________________ - head
20. ____________________ - neck
21. ____________________ - ribs
22. ____________________ - skull
23. ____________________ - leg
24. ____________________ - elbow
25. ____________________ - skin
26. ____________________ - fingers or toes
27. ____________________ - back
28. ____________________ - upper middle area of abdomen
29. ____________________ - face
30. ____________________ - thigh
31. ____________________ - forehead
32. ____________________ -upper extremity between elbow and wrist
33. ____________________ - buttocks
34. ____________________ - root of thigh between torso and leg
35. ____________________ - groin
36. ____________________- Lower extremity between knee and ankle
37. ____________________ - Lower back
38. ____________________ - breast
39. ____________________ - Area of skull below and behind ear
40. ____________________ - Back of lower skull
41. ____________________ - Palm of hand
42. ____________________ - chest
43. ____________________ - foot
44. ____________________ - lower torso
45. ____________________ - area between anus and genitals
46. ____________________ - chest area over heart
47. ____________________ - sole of foot
48. ____________________ - behind knee
49. ____________________ - above collar bone
50. ____________________ - ankle
51. ____________________ - side of skull
52. ____________________ - chest
53. ____________________ - area around umbilicus (navel)
54. ____________________ - palm or sole
III. BODY PLANES
A. ____________________ - divides into left and right
B. ____________________ - divides into two equal halves
C. ____________________ - divides into anterior and posterior.
D. ____________________ - divides into upper & lower
IV. BODY REGIONS
A. ____________________ - head, neck, trunk
B. ____________________ - arms and legs
V. BODY FUNCTIONS
A. Survival most important function
B. ____________________ - relative constancy of the internal environment
1. exchange of materials between ____________________ and environment
2. temperature regulation
3. metabolism
C. Body functions are ____________________ functions
D. Body functions are related to ____________________