México, un país hispánico del mundo-renown, diferencia de cualquier otra talla hispánica del país sabia así como la cultura sabia. América, una mezcla de todas las culturas alrededor del mundo está de una manera como México. La cultura de México es una mezcla rica, compleja de tradiciones americanas, españolas, y americanos nativos. Las áreas rurales son pobladas por americanos nativos, decendientes de las sociedades altamente desarrolladas del Maya, del Aztec, y del Toltecs, y por el hispanico y los granjeros y los loborers del mestizo. Cada uno de estas herencias ha enriquecido la cultura regional. De las ciudades, las influencias del español, las influencias del francés, y las influencias norteamericanas son las más evidentes. México también tiene su parte de justo famoso como tenemos en América.
Mexico, the northernmost country inhabited by Latin Americans, lies just south of the United States. The Rio Grande river forms about two-thirds of the boundary between Mexico and America. Mexico City is the capital and largest city in population. It is also one of the world¹s largest metropolitan areas in population.
The way of life in Mexico includes many features from the nation's long Indian past and the Spanish colonial period. But Mexico has changed rapidly during the 1900's. Life in Mexican cities has become similar to those in the United States. Mexican villagers follow the older way of life more than the city people do. Even in the villages, however, government economic and educational programs are doing much to modernize the people's lives. These programs are bringing the Indian villagers into the general life of Mexico, and making them think of themselves as Mexicans rather than Indians.
The Arts:
Outstanding colonial writers included the dramatist Juan Ruiz de
Alarcon and the poet Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz. In 1816, Jose Joaquin
Fernandez de Lizardi published The Itching Parrot, probably the first
Latin-American novel. After 1910, revolutionary themes became important
in novels by such writers as Mariano Azuela and Martin Luis Guzman.
These themes sometimes appear in the works of later writers, such as
Carlos Fuentes, Juan Rulfo, and Agustin Yanez. Leading Mexican poets of
the 1900's include Amado Nervo, Octavio Paz, Carlos Pellicer, Alfonso
Reyes, and Marco Antonio Montes de Oca.
For musicm, early Indians used drums, flutes, rattles which were made of gourd, and seashells as well as their voices for music and dances. The Mexicans still very much enjoy the acient music style. Folk songs called corridos have long been popular in Mexico. They may tell of the Mexican Revolution, a bandit or a sheriff, or the struggle between church and state. In the 1900's, Mexican composers have used themes from ancient Indian music. Folk songs are important features of Mexican fiestas. In the Mexican hat dance, also called the Jarabe Tapido, dancers perform a lively sequence with hopping steps and heel-and-toe tapping.
Religion:
More than 90 per cent of Mexico's people belong to the Roman Catholic
Church. Mexico also has some Protestants, Jews, and other religious
groups. Roman Catholic missionaries and priests baptized millions of
Indians. But the rain, sun, and other gods remain an important part of
religion to the Indians. Today, millions of Indian villagers still
combine ancient religious practices with Catholicism.
Languages:
Almost all Mexicans speak Spanish, the official language of
Mexico and nearly all other Latin-American countries. Many words that
are used in the United States came from Mexico. They include canyon,
corral, desperado, lariat, lasso, macho, patio, politico, rodeo, and
stampede. These words are also known as cognates.
In the City:
In the field of city working, sometimes entire families must work at two
or three jobs-in order to survive. Many poor people with no skills find
jobs as construction workers or street cleaners. Others make a living
by washing clothes and cleaning houses. After they have lived in the
city for a while, many of the poor find better-paying jobs in factories.
Almost every city and town has a marketplace. Going to market is one of the chief activities of the people in farm areas. Men, women, and children take clothes, food, lace, pictures, toys, baskets, or whatever else they wish to sell or trade. They either rent stalls in which to display their goods, or spread the merchandise on the ground. The people spend one day each week at the marketplace chatting with friends and doing business. Farmers often trade their goods instead of selling them, and much bargaining takes place.
Villages:
Life in the villages, however differ. The shape and style of village
houses vary according to the climate. People on the dry central plateau
build homes of adobe, brick, cement blocks, or stone, with flat roofs of
red tile, sheet metal, or straw. Some of these houses have only one
room, a dirt floor, and few or no windows. The kitchen may be simply a
lean (built of poles and cornstalks) placed against an outside wall.
Food / Beverages:
Mexico is also one of the best known countries with world-renowned food.
Thousands of years ago, the Indians of what is now Mexico discovered how
to grow corn. It became their most important food. Today, corn is
still the chief food of most Mexicans, especially in rural areas.
Mexican cooks generally soften the corn in hot limewater, boil it, and
then grind it into meal. The main corn-meal food is the tortilla, a
thin flat bread shaped by hand or machine and cooked on an ungreased
griddle. It also may be made with wheat flour. The tortilla is the
bread of most Mexicans. Tortillas can be consumed several ways. For
one, it can be eaten alone, in the form of a taco, in a tostada, or
burrido or is several different ways. Other popular food are frijoles
(beans) that are boiled, mashed, and then fried and refried in lard.
Rice is also boiled and then fried. Other popular foods include atole
(a thick, soupy corn-meal dish) and tamales. Most Mexicans like their
foods highly seasoned with hot chili pepper or other strong peppers.
Turkey is also one of the most popular holiday dish.
Popular beverages in Mexico include water flavored with a variety of fruit juices, and cinnamon-flavored hot chocolate cooked with water and beaten into foam. Mexicans also drink coffee, milk, soft drinks, and mineral water. Alcoholic beverages include mescal, pulque, and tequila, which are made from the juice of the maguey plant, and beer and wine.
Education:
In the field of education, the mexican law requires all children from
the age of 6 through 14 to go to school. About 90 per cent of
school-age children begin school. However, only about half of these
children finish elementary school. More children in urban areas attend
and finish school than in rural areas. After kindergarten, a child has
six years of elementary school, followed by three years of basic
secondary school. Graduates of basic secondary school may go on to a
three-year upper secondary school. Many upper secondary schools are
privately run, some by colleges in order to prepare students for college
work. Other upper secondary schools offer business and technical
courses.
Courses of higher education at Mexico's many universities, specialized colleges, and technical institutes last from three to seven years. The oldest and largest Mexican university is the National Autonomous University of Mexico in Mexico City. It was founded in 1551 and has more than 325,000 students. The Biblioteca Nacional de Mexico (National Library of Mexico) is located on the university's campus.
Sports:
Two of the most popular games in Mexico are soccer and baseball. Some
families who do not have acess to a soccer or baseball field, play on
any vacant lot available. Mexico is also known for its professuinal
baseball and soccer leagues. Over the years, basketball has become a
very popular sport. Another sport is jau alai, a fast and dangerous
game that resembles handball, is also popular in Mexico.
Famous People:
Carlos Chá·vezEmilio FernándezCarlos FuentesJosé Clemente OrozcoOctavio PazDavid Alfaro Siqueiros
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