Hackberry -to- Kaffir
LilyHackberry -to- Kaffir
Lily
Botanic Name |
Family Name |
Dutch Name |
English Name and where Indigent |
Toxic Parts, Substances and Symptoms |
Type and Degree of Toxicity |
Counter Measures |
|
| Celtis sinensis | Ulmaceae | Netelboom | Hackberry | Sap of the plant may have irritating effects on skin | 5 | WASH with water. | |
| Cannabis sativa | Cannabinaceae | Hasjisj ;
Hennep ; Marihuana ; Wiet |
Hashish
; Hemp ; Marijuana ; Weed |
Hallucinogens | 3 | 2, 3, 4 Keep intoxicated cats in space where they cannot hurt themselves! |
|
| Calluna vulgaris | Ericaceae | Struikheide | Heather | ??? But not toxic to sheep | 4 (?) | 2, 4 NOT 3 |
|
| Nandina domestica | Berberidaceae | Tempelboom | Heavenly Bamboo | ??? | 6, 7 | 2, 3, 4 | |
| Heliotropium europaeum L. | Boraginaceae | Heliotroop, Europese Uitheemse Tuinsierplant | Heliotrope,
European Exotic Garden Plant |
Contains alkaloids heliotrine and lasiocarpine. For effects see Heliotropum arborescens (Garden heliotrope).. | 4, 7 | 2, 3, 4 Warn the doctor when great quantities are ingested. |
|
| Heliotropium arborescens L. | Boraginaceae | Heliotroop, Tuin- Uitheemse sierplant | Heliotrope, Garden | Contains similar or maybe the same alkaloids (heliotrine, lasiocarpine) as Heliotropum europaeum L.(European Heliotrope) which are strong liverpoisons and may cause the same effects as Senecio spp. (see there) A chronic copperpoisoning can also occur, because the alkaloids combine with copper, which then accumulates in the liver. | 4, 7 | 2, 3, 4 Warn the doctor when great quantities are ingested. |
|
| Helleborus viridus (or viridis) | Ranunculaceae | Wrangwortel | Hellebore Green Chrisroot, Christmas Rose, | Presumably same as Helleborus niger.(Christmas
Rose). VERY TOXIC |
4, 7 | 2, 3, 4 Get medical help FAST! |
|
| Helleborus orientalis | Ranunculaceae | Helleborus orientalis | Hellebore of the Ancients ; Hellebore, Black; Hellebore, Eastern | Presumably same as Helleborus niger.(Christmas
Rose). VERY TOXIC |
4, 7 | 2, 3, 4 Get medical help FAST! |
|
| Veratrum nigrum | Liliaceae | Veratrum ??? | Hellebore, False | Especially the roots contain a big quantity of alkaloids (e.g. protoveratrine, germerine), suppressing heart and breathing functions. | 4 | 2, 3, 4 Get medical help FAST! |
|
| Conium maculatum | Umbelliferae | Scheerling, Gevlekte | Hemlock, Common; Hemlock, Poison | Alkaloid= coniine | 4, 7 | 2, 4 IMMEDIATELY to VET!!!! |
|
| Cicuta virosa | Umbelliferae | Scheerling, Water- | Hemlock, Water | Alkaloid = cicutoxine | 4 | Get medical help FAST; Keep patient WARM! | |
| Hyoscyamus niger Hyoscyamus spp. | Solanaceae | Bilzekruid | Henbane | All parts, but mainly the roots contain: alkaloids (l-hyoscyamine, scopolamine and some atropine); a racemic mixture of l- and d-hyosyamine. Same effects as Atropa belladonna. (Henbane) See below | All species are TOXIC to VERY TOXIC! | 2, 3, 4(which is often difficult because of swallowing difficulties). Get medical help VERY FAST!!! |
|
| Atropa belladonna | Solanaceae | Wolfskers | Henbane ; Belladonna ; Deadly Nightshade | Atropine: Increased heartfrequency. Hallucinations Carni- and omnivores seem to be more susceptible than herbivores. | 4, 7 | 2, 3, 4(which is often difficult because of swallowing difficulties). Get medical help VERY FAST!!! |
|
| Heracleum mantegazzianum Somm. et Lev. | Umbelliferae | Bereklauw, Reuze | Heracleum ??? | Sap, especially from stalk! Furocumarines (e.g. bergapten) cause photo-sensitizing, which results in dermatitis of non-pigmented skin, which breaks out in rashes (erytheme) and blisters, sometimes eczema. These skin afflictions are normally cured within a week, but sometimes necessitate hospitalization, and in rare cases may result in death. | 5 | Wash with lots of water, and stay out of sun! | |
| Heracleum sphondylium L. | Umbelliferae | Bereklauw, Gewone | Heracleum ??? | See above | ditto | ditto | |
| Podophyllum peltatum | Berberidaceae | Mei appel Eendenpoot | Hog Apple (Iowa)
Duck'sfoot ; American Mandrake; May Apple |
Unripe fruits sometimes cause purging. Ripe fruits are least toxic. Resin from rhizomen, roots and leaves is toxic, and may cause serious inflammation of conjunctiva and cornea, and ulcerous dermatitis. One fatal poisoning of a human has been documented. | 4, 5 | 2, 3, 4 If contact is external WASH!!! |
|
| Ilex aquifolium (ALL species to be on the SAFE side) | Aquifoliaceae | Hulst (Alle soorten, ook kamerplanten) | Holly (All species also Indoor Plants) | Berries, and leaves contain polyphenoles(ilixantthinemor rutine), minor quantities of alkaloids(theobromine) and triterpenes (e.g. urol acid). Active toxin is not known for sure. 20-30 berries turned out to be fatal for a child. Birds are apparently not affected. | 3 to 4 | 2, 3, 4 Keep branches with berries pruned until out of reach of children and cats! |
|
| Lonicera (ALL species to be on the SAFE side) | Caprifoliaceae | Kamperfoelie (alle soorten om het veilig te houden) | Honeysuckle (take care different species may have different names in English) | Berries, and leaves(?) contain a little active saponine, and insufficiently known bitter substances (e.g. xylosteine). Children having eaten ripe, raw berries got diarrhoea and even fatal poisonings have been documented. Serious and even fatal poisonings have occurred after ingestion of more than 30 berries of Lonicera xylosteum L. (Red Honeysuckle) by humans. Effects: vomiting; belly cramps, bloody diarrhoea, red face, fever, rythm disturbances, sleepiness, convulsions and reduced breathing. | 3, 4 6(?) |
2, 3, 4 Get medical advice using the description. |
|
| Aesculus spp. such as: Aesculus hippocastanum |
Hippocastanaceae | Paardekastanje (soorten zoals:) Paardekastanje, Witte | Horse Chestnut
(species as:) Horse Chestnut, White |
Seeds, bark, leaves. Saponines: aescoside; tannins, and bitter-tasting substances(aesculetine, aesculine, paviine, argyresceine) | 4 | 3, 4 Don't let Cats play with the seeds! Or children! |
|
| Equisetum spp., viz. E.arvense, or E.palustre | Equisetaceae | Paardestaart, Akker- of Moeras- | Horsetail, Field- or Marsh- | Probably all parts. A thiaminase-enzyme that breaks down vitamin B1. A saponine: equisetonine (chemical composition unknown yet) | 4, 7 | 2, 3, 4 Get medical advice. Yeast is a source of the vitamin B1. NEVER give oils or fats! |
|
| Funkia the old but stll often used name for Hosta. | Liliaceae | Hosta | Hosta | ??? | 6 | ??? | |
| Hoya carnosa R. | Asclepiadaceae | Hoya; Wasbloem |
Hoya | Suspected of being toxic by presence of toxic bitter substances: condurangine, hoyine | ??? | Get medical advice, naming the substances present! |
|
| Hyacinthus orientalis | Liliaceae | Hyacint | Hyacinth | Saponines in bulb and seeds. Calcium oxalate crystals in skin of bulb. | 3, 5, 7 | 2, 4 When external contact wash abundantly with water Freshen water in which cut flowers stand, daily! Dangerous for kids and cats.. |
|
| Scilla non-scripta Hoffmgg. et Link. | Liliaceae | Hyancint, wilde | Hyacinth, Wild | Bulbs contain not yet known toxic substances causing bellyache, diarrhoea and a slow pulse in humans. Poisonings are rare, however. | 3 | 2, 3, 4 | |
| Hydrangea spp. e.g. Hydrangea macrophylla |
Saxifragaceae | Hortensia; Kamerplant | Hydrangea; Indoor Plant | All parts contain a hydrocyanic compound. Poisonings as by Prunus laurocerasus (Laurel Cherry) are theoretically possible. | 3, 5 | 2, 3, 4 Eventually WARM TEA |
|
| Adenium multiflorum | Apocynaceae | Impala lelie Kamerplant | Impala Lily ??? Indoor Plant | Heartglycosides: oleandroside, nerioside, nerianthoside in leaves; nerioside, rosaginoside in bast. 1mg/kg bodyweight fatal to child, 0.66mg/kg bodyweight fatal to cats!!! | 4 | 2, 3, 4 Get medical help extremely FAST!!! | |
| Iris species such as: | Iridaceae | Irissoorten zoals: | Iris species such as: | Mainly leaves and rhizomen contain glycosides(iridine) and a number of sharp tasting subst. with unknown chemical structure. Drying does not lessen toxicity. Intoxication only by ingestions of major quantities. Symptoms: serious gastro-intestinal inflammation, serious bloody diarrhoea, and eventually death. | 3, 5, 7 | 7, 2, 3, 4 |
|
| Iris foetidissima L | Iridaceae | Lis, Stinkende; | Iris, ??? Stinking | see above | ditto | ditto | |
| Iris hollandica L. (hybrids = mostly Iris xyphium x Iris tingitana) | Iridaceae | Iris, Hollandse (en hybriden); | Iris, Dutch (all hybrid species) | see above | ditto | ditto | |
| Iris florentina L. | Iridaceae | Lis, Florentijnse; | Iris, Florentine | see above | ditto | ditto | |
| Iris germanica L. | Iridaceae | Lis, Duitse; | Iris, German | see above | ditto | ditto | |
| Iris kaempferi Sieb. ex Lem. | Iridaceae | Lis, Japanse; | Iris, Japanese | see above | ditto | ditto | |
| Iris sibirica L. | Iridaceae | Lis, Siberische | Iris, Siberian | see above | ditto | ditto | |
| Hedera helix spp. | Araliaceae | Klimop soorten (ook kamerplanten) | Ivy, English Ivy Many Indoor Ivies |
Leaves and especially berries contain saponineglycosides (for instance: hederine, hederagenine); also substances with oestrogenic effects. Only in great quantities | 3, 4, 5 | 2, 3, 4 Take care with curious KITTENS, although there are no known cases of animals being poisoned. |
|
| Arisaema triphyllum | Araceae | Vuurkolf | Jack-in-the-Pulpit | Sharp oxalate crystals | 2, 5 | 2, 4 NOT 3 |
|
| Prunus incisa Thunb. | Rosaceae | Japanse Kers, Kleinbloemig ; Fujikers | Japanese Cherry, Smallflowered ; Fuji Cherry | Seedkernels contain cyanogenic glycosides (amygdaline) . Leaves bast and flowers, another one (prunasine). They cause hydrocyanic/prussic acid to be released in the bloodstream. Is one of the fastest toxins known.. Blocks the breathing of the cells (cytotoxic anoxia), GET MEDICAL HELP FAST !!! | 4, 7 | 3, 4 Get medical help FAST!!! |
|
| Euonymus japonica | Celastraceae | Japanse Kardinaalshoed | Japanese Euonymus | Seeds and bast; leaves are in summer more toxic than in autumn. Contain many alkaloids (e.g. evonine), less heart glycosides (evonoside, evonomoside, evobioside) and possibly as yet unknown bitter substances. It is not yet known which substances are responsible, but symptoms (15 hrs. after ingestion) are: vomiting; abdominal cramps; intestinal inflammation; strong, slimy, watery or bloody diarrhoea, disturbances of blood circulation; cramps; drowsiness even to coma. If patient does not die but recuperates, there is always swelling of the liver and protein in the urine because of kidney inflammation. | 4, 7 | 2, 3, 4 | |
| Gelsemium | Loganiaceae | Jasmijn, Carolijnse ; Gele Jasmijn | Jasmine, Caroline; Jessamine, Yellow | ??? | 4, 5, 7 | 2, 3, 4 ??? |
|
| Cestrum nocturnum | Solanaceae | ??? | Jasmine, Nightblooming | ??? | ??? | ??? | |
| Datura stramonium | Solanaceae | Doornappel | Jimson Weed Datura ; Thornapple | Hyoscyamine, atropine. Paralyzes the nervous system. VERY poisonous, especially the berries. | 4, 7 | 3, 4 Get medical help FAST! |
|
| Juniperus spp. such as : | Cupressaceae | Jeneverbes soorten | Juniper species | Probably all parts, especially young twigs (3-5% etheric oil) Etheric oils are monocyclic terpenes also containing non-etheric substances (sabinol; l-sabinene, thujol and other terpene derivates) The etheric oils are absorbed quickly through even intact skin , but even more quickly through the mucosa (mucous membrane) of the gastro-intestinal channel. Symptoms: vomiting; gastro-intestinal inflammation; bloody diarrhoea. Major quantities cause irreparable damgage to kidneys, cramps, unconsciousness, and by way of central nervous paralysis even death. | 4, 5 VERY TOXIC |
3, 4 Give them MILK! |
|
| Juniperus sabina | Cupressaceae | Jeneverbes; Zevenboom | Juniper | See above | ditto | ditto |
|
| Juniperus virginiana L. | Cupressaceae | Cederhoutboom; Ceder, Rode | Juniper ??? | See above | ditto | ditto | |
| Juniperus chinensis L. or Juniperus sinensis L. | Cupressaceae | Jeneverbes, Chinese | Juniper, Chinese | See above | ditto | ditto | |
| Juniperus communis L. | Cupressaceae | Jeneverbes, Gewone | Juniper, Common | See above | ditto | ditto |
Click here to go to:
| English name unknown | -to- | Aquilegia |
| Aquilegia | -to- | Bird of Paradise |
| Bird of Paradise | -to | China Berry |
| China Berry | -to- | Devil-in-a-Bush |
| Devil-in-a-Bush | -to- | Hackberry |
| Kaffir Lily | -to- | Monstera |
| Monstera | -to- | Pieris |
| Pieris | -to- | Snakeroot |
| Snakeroot | -to- | Yew Tree |
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Updated last on 08/05/99 23:00:32 by Hans
